What are the different types of heart disease?

The heart’s function is determined by the region of the heart that is affected. Consequently, the process can be affected. There are different types of heart-related diseases, including:

1. Arrhythmia (Dysrhythmia): An abnormal heartbeat through the heart. A few arrhythmias are not severe, and others can be life-threatening.
2. Arial Fibrillation An abnormal and often fast heart rate that usually causes low blood flow. One of the most frequent arrhythmias.
3. Atherosclerosis Development forms plaque within the arteries. As time passes, plaque becomes harder and reduces the size of the streets. It also restricts the circulation of oxygen-rich blood to our organs and other parts of our bodies.
4. Cardiomyopathy: A heart muscle disease where the heart’s size is excessively increased and stiffened. It can also be thickened or stiffened, weakening the heart’s capacity to pump blood.
5. Congenital Heart Diseases: The most commonly encountered form of genetic impairment affects the infant’s heart structure and function (blood circulates throughout the body through the heart and then out onto the body).
6. Coronary Artery Disease(CAD): Over time, cholesterol plaques may enlarge the arteries that carry the blood supply to the heart. A sudden blood clot will be more likely to block the narrowed blood vessels (this blockage is an attack on the heart).
7. “endocarditis” refers to an inflammation within the heart’s internal lining or heart valves. The majority of the time, endocarditis results from a severe infection of the valves of the heart.
8. Diastolic dysfunction lacks flexibility in the heart muscle to contract, causing blood to flow back into the organs.
9. Systolic dysfunction is the heart’s ability to not pump the proper force to circulate blood throughout the body.
10. Mitral Valve Disease: The mitral valve connecting the left and right heart chambers (left atrium and left ventricle) isn’t functioning. It could not be closed entirely and resulted in blood leaking backward towards the left atrium (regurgitation). The valve might bulge rather than close properly (prolapse), or the valve could become narrowed (stenosis), which can obstruct blood flow. The cause could be an abnormal heart valve present from birth (congenital) and calcium deposition over the valve or inflammation in heart tissue, or rheumatic disease, which is a complication of bacteria (Streptococcus) illness that could cause problems for the heart.
11. Aortic Valve Disorder: The blood flow from the main chamber that pumps blood from the heart (left ventricle) to the body’s main artery (aorta) isn’t working correctly due to damage to your Aortic Valve. An obstruction can cause this to blood flow (stenosis), backward bleeding in the blood (regurgitation), or both. It could be caused due to a heart defect that is present from birth (congenital) or other medical conditions that result from changes in the heart due to age or the nature, diseases and high blood pressure, or injuries in the heart.
12. Tricuspid Valve Disease: In this situation, the valve between the two chambers of the right heart (right ventricle and right atrium) isn’t functioning correctly. It could not be closed completely, resulting in blood leaking backward towards the right atrium (regurgitation), and the valve might get narrowed (stenosis), leading to obstruction of blood flow. Any deviation in the direction of forwarding flow that flows from the ventricle to the right atrium. It could be due to an anomaly in the heart present in the womb (congenital) or by other medical conditions such as age-related changes in the heart and infections such as infective or rheumatic endocarditis and high blood pressure, or heart injury.

Understanding the signs and symptoms of heart disease

While each kind of problem requires special treatment, they can have typical warning indicators.

The symptoms could be, but aren’t restricted to:

• Insufficiency or fatigue
• Lightheadedness or dizziness
• A near-fainting or fainting spell can be a sign of a
• A rapid heartbeat or pounding sound in the chest
• Shortness of breath and anxiety
• Pressure or pain in the chest.
• In the left shoulder, arms or elbows, jaw or the back
• The heart can collapse and cause a sudden arrest can occur, especially in extreme circumstances.

What are the leading causes and risk factors for heart disease?

Heart disease is a broad category of problems related to blood vessels and your cardiovascular system. Many of them occur due to atherosclerosis, an illness in which plaque forms within the walls that line the arteries. This causes the routes to narrow, makes blood flow difficult, and causes blood clots to develop in the streets, which blocks blood flow, creating stroke or heart attack. A significant and prevalent heart ailments are coronary heart disease. That is prevalent in the ever-growing population of people over the age of.

Here are the risk factors for coronary heart diseases:

1. Hypertension Managing your excessive blood pressure (hypertension) is among the risk factors that are most easily managed for heart-related diseases. High blood pressure could damage blood vessels.
2. Smoking Smoking causes a large percentage of heart disease (CVD) and is responsible for approximately one in four deaths related to CVD. Tobacco’s harmful ingredients can cause damage and narrow blood vessels.
3. HD Cholesterol: Cholesterol is a type of fat typically present in the bloodstream. The presence of cholesterol may cause our blood vessels to shrink and increase the risk of creating blood clots.
4. Diabetes: A chronic condition where blood sugar levels rise excessively.
5.  Blood vessels may be damaged due to the high blood sugar levels, which cause them to shrink. Many people with Type 2 Diabetes are overweight or obese. They are linked to a higher likelihood of suffering from cardiovascular disease.
6. Lifestyle sedentary: Physical inactivity is an essential risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Smoking cigarettes and high blood pressure and high cholesterol are among the top risk factors. Regular exercise reduces the likelihood of dying early from cardiovascular disease (CVD). It also assists in preventing diabetes, the continuation of weight loss, and the reduction of hypertension, all of which are significant danger factors in CVD.
7. Obesity Obesity can increase the risk of developing diabetes and high blood pressure. Waist measurement is an excellent indicator to determine the risk. In the case of males with a waist measurement of at least 94cm (about 37″) or more significant, and for women, a waist at 80 cm (about 31.5 inches) or more could contribute to heart disease.

Other risk factors that impact the cause of CVD are:

1. age: CVDs tend to be more prevalent among people over 50, and the risk of developing them increases with age.
2. Gender: Men are more likely than women to develop CVDs at a younger age.
3. The diet: Poor diet can lead to the formation of high cholesterol and high blood pressure.
4. Alcohol Excessive drinkers can increase cholesterol levels and blood pressure levels and contribute to weight gain.

How do the family history and genetics influence the risk of developing heart disease?

A study found that children of patients suffering from CVDs were at 40% higher risk. However, children of parents who have pre-mature CVDs are at risk of an increased risk of 60% to 75%. Regular health checks are an effective way to reduce the risk of CVDs.

Tests to be recommended

In Skylab Diagnostics in Trivandrum, we provide many diagnostic tests for heart conditions.

1. 2D Echocardiogram also called 2D Echo assessment/test. Echo Cardiac Ultrasound, Doppler Ultrasound, and Cardiac Ultrasonography use sound vibrations to produce photographs of the human heart that are non-invasive. It displays the different regions of the heart in pictures, which makes it easier to detect any issues or blockages and the rate of blood flow.
2. ECG tests:

• • Resting ECG The resting ECG can be a straightforward, quick, and painless procedure. The resting ECG can reveal the presence of heart hypertrophy and ischemia, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia complications, arrhythmias in the cardiac system, and other heart-related disorders. The test lasts about 5 minutes, with minimal to no preparation required.
  • Ambulatory ECG records the heart’s electrical activity as we perform everyday tasks.

1. The HTML0 Stress Test, also known as Treadmill or Exerciser Cardiac stress Test, is a cardiovascular test that evaluates the heart’s capacity to react to stress externally in a clinical environment. The stress response can be triggered during times through exercises.
2. Blood tests –

• • Lipid Profile: Evaluates the quantity of “good” and “bad” cholesterol and triglycerides, a kind of fat in your blood.
  • The blood test hs-CRP measures lower levels of C-reactive Protein (CRP). It is used to determine the risk of stroke and heart disease in those who don’t already suffer from heart disease.
  • Homocysteine, a heart risk factor High levels of homocysteine are an indicator of risk for CAD.
  • ApoA1/B – Assess your potential risk for developing heart diseases by assessing the effectiveness of your lipid therapy and lifestyle adjustments.
  • Lipoprotein A – Determine any genetic predisposition to elevated cholesterol.

How can you keep in good health with your heart?

• Control and monitor your blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
• Do not lead a life of passive.
• Reduce weight if overweight.
• Stop drinking and smoking cigarettes.
• Manage stress, practice stress management exercises.
• Beware of excessive sodium (salt) consumption during meals.